Life cycle of eri silkworm philosamia ricini fig 1. Rearing of eri silkworm samia ricini donovan has been traditionally practiced. In this unit, you will study the nonmulberry silkworm rearing. Screening for eri silkworm samia ricini donovan ecoraces using. Eri silkworm is generally hardy and not easily susceptible to diseases. Tasar muga eri wild semi domesticated domesticated tropicalsilkworm a. Feeding efficiency of eri silkworm philosamia ricini h. In parallel, genetic relationship analysis of eri silkworm ecoraces using inter simple sequence repeat issr technique. Silkworm rearing and silk weaving, called sericulture, is an environmentally sustainable agroindustrial activity practiced in four major. Sericulture has been practiced for at least 5000 years in china the silkworm bombyx mori, latin for silkworm of the mulberry tree is, technically, not a worm. Assam produces as much as 90% of eri silk in the country by rearing eri silkworms on castor leaves. Saturniidae is known to be reared in different parts of the world with diverse expectations for its silk fibre, food and biomaterials. In the beginning, the female silk moth lays hundreds of eggs.
The rearing method was modified from sirimungkararat et al. Eri silk also possesses unique properties and being openmouthed, its easily blendable with other natural fibers like cotton capinera. Eri silkworm fed on abaro registered maximum err 74. For disinfectants, vijetha green, vijetha, and ankush are some silkworm disinfectants used in the silkworm farming or rearing. Eri silk, no doubt, is also produced in bihar but assam is the largest producer of eri and munga silk. Eri silkworm is reared indoor like that of mulberry silkworm. Effect of calcium carbide on quantitative traits of the silkworm 297 both on the rearing performance and toxicity parameters is being pioneer work by utilizing silkworm bombyx mori as a model organism. Kamble central sericultural research and training institute sreerampura, mysore570 008, india abstract young age silkwor m rearing center popularly called as chawki rearing center crc. Eri silk rearing for economic development of north eastern. However, the effect of various castor genotypes on the rearing efficiency of the eri silkworm has not been investigated in depth. North east region of india conduct eri rearing partly for. Rearing of eri silkworm upper subansiri, arunachal pradesh. Its life history and rearing technique is almost like that of tasarworms except the foodplants, which are in this, casesom, champa and moyankuri.
Muga silkworm antheraea assamensis helfer indoor rearing by integrated leaf freshness technology a new technology himangshu barman and rama krishna rajan central muga eri research and training institute, central silk board, mo textiles, government of india, lahdoigarh, jorhat 785 700, assam, india. Kan liang mai eri phua kan phatthana isan eri silk rearing for economic development of north eastern thailand. Silkworm moths go through four stages of development egg, larva, pupa and adult as do the. In their native lands, they are handfed mostly castor bean and tapioca leaves, but will also eat ailanthus and ligustrum. Techniques of rearing silkworm rearing of eri silkworm, samia ricini donovan rearing house. Eri pupae provide byproducts in the form of supplementary protein. The eri silkworm guts are used in medical industry as suture material. Silk fiber generally is produced by the mulberry silkworm, bombyx mori, which was domesticated nearly 2,000 years ago in china.
Yield and yield contributing traits in eri silkworm, samia. Rearing performance of eri silkworm philosamia ricini. Eri silkworm samia ricini, a nonmulberry host system. Saturniidae is the only species domesticated completely and adopted to indoor rearing all through the year reddy, 2000. Pdf on jan 1, 2010, vadamalai elangovan and others published rearing performance of eri silkworm philosamia ricini in monsoon season of uttar pradesh. The plinth area 10 m x 5 m size rearing house having tin or thatch roofing with 1. Muga silkworm antheraea assamensis helfer indoor rearing.
Success of silkworm rearing largely depends on careful grainage operation. Eri silkworm rearing practices in kenya edison omollo oduor, lucy ciera, vijay adolkar and odoch pido abstract ericulture eri silkworm farming is an agrobased traditional activity that has played an important role in generating income and employment for people living in rural areas in some parts of the world. The rearing performances of different ecoraces of eri silkworm such as borduar, titabar, dhanubhanga and mendipathar were analyzed based on their hatching %, larval duration d, weight of full grown larvae g, yield by number and. Muga silk worm is multivoltine and 56 crops are raised in a year out of which two commercial crops jethua. Darrahs account, eri also called endi silk is obtained from a silkworm known as attaccusricini. Cassava leaves defoliation for eri silk worm rearing. The silk is not reelable like bombyx mori, the mulberry silkworm, so it is spun into a yarn which is both soft and durable. Eri culture has been proven beneficial and gainful employment to the castor farmers, as 30% of defoliation will not affect the seed yield. The hatched larvae are mounted on castor leaves in the rearinghouses and are allowed to grow by feeding on leaves. Pdf rearing of eri silkworm samia cynthia ricini boisd. Screening for eri silkworm samia ricini donovan ecoraces. Raising eri silkworms is referred to as ericulture. Six strains of eri silkworm were isolated from samia ricini donovan on the basis of larval colour and body markings, that is, yellow plain yp, yellow spotted ys, yellow zebra yz, greenish blue plain gbp, greenish blue spotted gbs and greenish blue zebra gbz.
The texture of the fabric is coarse, fine, and dense. Seeds of four high oil yielding castor hybrids varieties viz. Eri silk is darker and heavier than other silks and blends well with wools and cotton. Larvae of eri silkworm samia cynthia ricini were reared on artificial diets containing bajra pearl millet, jau barley, jowar sorghum bicolor, maize, barnyard millet echinochloa frumentacea, rice, wheat, bengal gram chickpea, black gram, green gram, lentil, lobia cowpea, pea, french bean phaseolus vulgaris, red gram pigeon pea, soyabean, castor, groundnut, linseed. Life cycle of a silk worm most commercial silk is mulberry silk that is produced from cocoons of the mulberry silkworm moth,called bombyx mori, and comes mainly from china and india. Silkworm rearing effectively means the culturing of five larval instars as other stages like egg, pupa and adults are nonfeeding stages. A big advantage of rearing eri silkworms is that castor, cassava and. The present study shows that the eri silkworm larvae are susceptible to intrahaemocoelical inoculation of acmnpv. Pdf rearing performance of eri silkworm philosamia ricini in. The vernacular as well as the scientific name of the insect. Singh 2005 worked on the utilization of ericulture byproducts. Hatching took place after 7 to 9 days of egg laying.
However, due to use of different varieties of castor leaves, eri silkworms are susceptible to several growth related problems. Limited institutional capacity to supply healthy silkworm eggs and poor silkworm rearing activities at the farm level, results in silkworm mortality around 50 percent. These eggs are stored over a clean paper or piece of cloth. Domesticated eri silkworm samia ricini, reared in many parts of india, japan and china, is a nonmulberry silkworm. Fungal colonies cfu x 104g soil in eri waste supplemented soil after 60 days with eisenia. Eri silk is a natural fibre harvested from the cocoon of the eri silkworm. Yield and yield contributing traits in eri silkworm, samia ricini. Eri silk is a staple fiber, unlike other silks, which are continuous filament. Systematic and methodological grainage not only minimize larval morality due to diseases but also results in vigorous progenies. The farmers then keep the eggs under the accurate temperature and humidity at a clean place. The food provided to silkworms during their rearing affects larval growth, survival rate, cocoon parameters and silk quality gomma, a. Cfu x 104g soil in eri waste supplemented soil on 0 day with eisenia foetida as test species fig3. Pdf evaluation of different castor genotypes based on.
The characteristics of the eri, muga and pat silk and their rearing methods have been elaborately described in british records. Late age rearing 52 silkworm rearing technology 56. Applied zoology sericulture tumul singh department of zoology, udai pratap autonomous college, varanasi221002 contents. The eri silkworm can be reared throughout the year to a maximum of 67 times a year rajesh kumar and elangovan, 2012. Training was conducted by icarzpdiii, barapani, meghalaya. It is the larva or caterpillar of a moth in the family bombicidae a silkworms diet consists solely of mulberry leaves the silkworm bombyx mori is entirely dependent on humans for. When the worms were reared by feeding the leaves of castor up to 3rd instar and interchanging with tapioca leaves during 4th and 5th instar resulted in better eri silk recovery. The eri silkworm is easier to keep than the mulberry silkworm that produces common silk and feeds on mulberry leaves only because it eats many types of leaves.
Due to its thermal properties it is warm in winter and cool in summer. Pdf eri silkworm rearing practices in kenya researchgate. This book will useful for silkworm growers, entomologist, researcher, students and sericulture industries. Revalidation of bed disinfectant practices followed by. Leaf saving is about 25% in iv age and 10% in v age. Apart, the evaluation of the economic traits is being considered as an additional support for the toxicological studies. Arrangement of mulberry twigs in shootbranch method a. Silkworm seed technology directorate of sericulture. The total area under mulberry in india is 1,20,567 hectares, of which only 28,781 hectares is.
Silkworm seeds are produced in the grainage and therefore grainage is the first and the most important aspect which needs special attention. The strains were maintained in the germplasm bank up to fifth generation to get the homozygous. But among different plants, castor is the primary host plant of eri silkworm besides being an important oilseed producer naika et al. Effective rate of rearing err, which reveals percentage of the number of cocoons harvested to number of larvae brushed, has also showed a significant difference when eri silkworms were fed on different castor genotypes. Sericulture zoology for ias, ifos and other competitive. The eggs were incubated at the normal room temperature. The hilly areas of this region have ample scope for expansion of tapioca cultivation nnot only as a source for supplementary diet for the people but also increasing the quantum of leaf for eri silkworm rearing and eri silk production. Eri silkworm, rearing, season, host plants, bed material, spinning corresponding author. Applied zoology gelecegi onemseyenler dernegi gonder. Effect of botanical insecticides on the growth and silk. Disease, lowquality silkworm variety, and rudimentary techniques cause cocoon production to remain low.
The silkworm rearing house should be located on an elevated place to avoid moisture migration from floor to rearing house, provide good cross ventilation, facilitate drainage of the water at the time of cleaning and disinfection. After combining ability studies among the six pure line strains two eri crosses. The virus replicates in the larva, as indicated by an increased viral loads in the haemolymph upon injection of a. Pdf on aug 23, 2016, edison omollo and others published eri silkworm rearing practices in kenya find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Labour requirements are reduced to 60% in iv age and 50% in v age. Before the commencement of silkworm rearing, the rearing room and appliances were thoroughly cleaned and the floor was washed using 5 per cent bleaching powder solution. This is a video clip produced by trainee of 3 days training on communicating science through video presentations. There are 26 ecoraces of eri silkworm like borduar, khanapara, kokrajhar, titabar, diphu, genung, nongpoh etc. The worms moult four times during the larval period of 3032 days. The rearing performance of different ecoraces of eri silkworm philosamia riciniwas studied during autumn season of year 2006 and 2007. Therefore, several research projects have focused on rearing technique, machine and appliance development, textile, eri food and cosmetic products including exploitation of eri rearing waste. For disinfection, take the powder in a clean and thin cloth and then, dust it over the silkproducing worms at 5 gm per sq. Sericulture and silk production the ancient technique of rearing silkworms for production of silk yarn and weaving it into expensive cloth is widely practiced today. Silk is a smooth, shining, fabulous and unique natural fiber produced by several species of silkworm.
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